采用3电平非均匀量化的脉冲编码策略

作为全数字发信机系统中广泛应用的一种脉冲编码技术,Delta-Sigma调制(Delta-Sigma Modulation, DSM)通过增加量化电平,能够实现调制性能的提升。但限于全数字发信机系统开关功放的具体结构,多电平DSM序列无法直接驱动后级功放电路。在传统3电平DSM基础上,通过引入面积等效原理和非均匀量化技术,提出了适用于开关功放的一种新的脉冲编码策略。理论分析和仿真结果表明,相比常规2电平DSM序列,采用该策略获得的调制脉冲序列具有更优的带内SNR和编码效率性能。     

超声速混合层发展情况的非线性时间序列分析

采用大涡模拟数值方法,模拟了具有工程应用背景的二维超声速湍流混合层,通过非线性时间序列分析伪相图、关联维数和Lyapunov指数,得到了混合层发展情况的混沌特性.结果表明,混合层中心线沿流向位置的压力伪相图可定性地表示混合层的稳定性,关联维数分布可定量描述混合层经历的线性失稳、非线性失稳和涡合并阶段等发展情况,最大Lyapunov指数分布作为关联维数分析结果的验证.对于相应的超声速混合层实验,采用非线性时间序列分析方法研究混合层发展情况具有通用性.     

嵌入遗传算法的顺轨干涉SAR海表流场反演新方法

顺轨干涉SAR海表流场探测技术研究对于实现流场探测的全球化、精细化具有重要作用。为了提高海表流场迭代收敛速度和参数反演精度,依据校正系数的参数特点构建适应度函数的约束关系,将校正系数设计问题转化为仿真干涉相位与实测干涉相位差和雷达、平台参数约束条件下的比例因子选择问题,进而设计遗传算法计算校正系数的技术方法,并嵌入海表流场迭代反演算法,从而构建一种反演新方法。星载SAR数据仿真实验结果表明:海表流向反演的均方根误差优于10.0°,海表流速的均方根误差优于0.1 m/s,这符合海表流场反演精度要求。改进的海表流场反演算法可减少2~3次迭代,有效提高了反演效率。研究对于提高顺轨干涉SAR海表流场探测的实效性和准确性具有重要意义。     

基于双波段红外辐射信息的红外机动目标跟踪算法

利用双波段IRST系统测到的目标双波段红外辐射信息,推导出目标的伪距离量测信息,使得单站IRST系统变为可观测系统;在此基础上,构建了伪量测方程,采用改进的"当前"统计模型和基于最小偏度单形采样策略的UKF算法,提出了一种基于双波段红外辐射信息的IRST机动目标跟踪算法。理论分析与仿真结果表明,该算法能够有效地跟踪机动目标,具有良好的实际应用价值。     

电磁发射系统改进FAHP-神经网络健康评估方法

准确定量评估电磁发射系统发射前的健康状态意义重大。针对模糊层次分析方法(Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, FAHP)在评估电磁发射系统串行结构同级元素健康值时存在较大偏差,且无法适用系统非线性变权重需求的缺陷,提出改进FAHP-神经网络方法。通过在计算同级元素健康指数时构造能够满足串行结构健康评估的非线性函数进行计算,并在数学上证明该方法的有效性；通过引入神经网络系统,在已有的系统先验信息和测量数据的基础上训练模型解决系统健康评估非线性变权重需求。基于电磁发射系统脉冲成形网络系统建立健康评估模型,开展评估试验。结果表明,提出的方法健康评估精度较高,在各种系统健康状态下,评估结果均符合系统实际的健康状况；对比传统的FAHP,提出的改进方法评估精度大幅提升,且在评估试验中没有出现故障误报和漏报的情况,从而验证了提出方法的可行性和工程实用价值。     

Moving horizon based wavelet de-noising method of dual-observed geomagnetic signal for nonlinear high spin projectile roll positioning

Phase-frequency characteristics of approximate sinusoidal geomagnetic signals can be used for projectile roll positioning and other high-precision trajectory correction applications. The sinusoidal geomagnetic signal deforms in the exposed and magnetically contaminated environment. In order to preciously recognize the roll information and effectively separate the noise component from the original geomagnetic sequence, based on the error source analysis, we propose a moving horizon based wavelet de-noising method for the dual-observed geomagnetic signal filtering where the captured rough roll frequency value provides reasonable wavelet decomposition and reconstruction level selection basis for sampled sequence; a moving horizon window guarantees real-time performance and non-cumulative calculation amount. The complete geomagnetic data in full ballistic range and three intercepted paragraphs are used for performance assessment. The positioning performance of the moving horizon wavelet de-noising method is compared with the band-pass filter. The results show that both noise reduction techniques improve the positioning accuracy while the wavelet de-noising method is always better than the band-pass filter. These results suggest that the proposed moving horizon based wavelet de-noising method of the dual-observed geomagnetic signal is more applicable for various launch conditions with better positioning performance.     

软件无线电数字信号处理器体系结构研究

软件无线电因被认为是无线通信技术未来的发展趋势而受到广泛关注.目前数字信号处理器是软件无线电发展的瓶颈.通过分析、比较目前几种较为典型的软件无线电数字信号处理器结构,归纳总结各种结构各自设计出发点和优缺点,并对软件无线电数字信号处理器的发展趋势做了展望.     

Effect of microstructure on short pulse duration shock initiation of TATB and initial response mechanism

Micro-TATB particles with different sizes and 3D nanoporous TATB architectures with different specific surface areas were prepared through recrystallization to study short pulse duration shock initiation properties by electric gun technology. For micro-TATB, the initiation threshold significantly decreases with TATB average size ranging from 79.7 μm to 0.5 μm. For 3D nanoporous TATB architecture, the initiation threshold decreases and then increases with specific surface areas increased from 9.6 m²/g to 36.2 m²/g. The lowest initiation thresholds are obtained for the micro-TATB with average sizes of 1.3 μm and 0.5 μm, and 3D nanoporous TATB architecture with specific surface area of 22.4 m²/g. The shock initiation thresholds of micro-TATB and 3D nanoporous TATB architectures show significantly decreases with the porosity increased. The decomposition reaction and thermal conductivity properties were further investigated to understand the initial response mechanism. High porosity provides more collapse sites to generate high temperature for formation of hot spots. The low thermal conductivity and decomposition temperature could enhance the formation and ignition of the hot spots, and initial decomposition reaction of TATB. The effect of the decomposition temperature is higher than that of the thermal conductivity on the shock initiation properties. The enhanced decomposition reaction could promote energy release and transfer process from the ignition to the combustion. This work offers a new insight to understand the effects of microstructure on the shock initiation properties and the initial response mechanism of TATB.     

基于GUI和矢量信号源的微波着陆信号模拟器设计

提出了基于GUI和矢量信号源的微波着陆信号模拟器设计方法。首先利用MATLAB图形用户界面开发环境设计了集信号参数设置、干扰模拟和基带数据生成于一体的基带波形仿真功能;其次提出了一种改进的扫描波束模拟方法,实现了对微波着陆扫描信号的精确模拟;最后利用矢量信号源MG3700A对基带数据进行混合调制。测试结果表明,该信号模拟器达到设计要求。     

飞行器有源对消隐身技术

隐身技术已经成为现代高性能飞行器设计的重要支撑,是先进战机的基本要求。现行的隐身设计方法主要包括气动外形优化以及隐身材料涂覆。随着雷达探测能力的不断提升,尤其在米波雷达探测背景下,外形优化与隐身涂层变得不再有效,有源隐身技术被重新予以重视并有望成为新的隐身技术突破点。本文着重分析了有源对消技术的基本概念、技术现状以及相应的关键技术,对该技术体制的优势和特点进行了归纳和总结。